Phakopsora pachyrhizi and Puccinia kuehnii urediniospore germination under different adjuvants

Abstract

In Brazil Phakopsora pachyrhizi and Puccinia kuehnii are important pathogens of soybeans and sugar cane, respectively. In vitro experiments were carried out in order to evaluate P. pachyrhizi and P. kuehniiurediniospore germination under different adjuvants used in fungicide sprays to control rust diseases. Petri dishes (80 mm diameter) containing 10 mL of agar-water (1.7%) were used. In each plate 1 mL of a spore suspension with 5x105 urediniospores and 1 mL solution of adjuvants with twice the concentratation for field sprays was added. Assist(r), Veget Oil(r), Natur Oil(r), Break Thru(r)Aureo(r), Silwet(r) and Nimbus(r) were evaluated. There was a control check treatment with water. P. pachyrhiziurediniospore germination was negatively affected by all adjuvants after 2 hours of exposition. Urediniospores of the Asian soybean rust exposed to Assist(r), Break Thru(r), Aureo(r) and Nimbus(r) had lower germination rates. Germination of P. kuehnii urediniospores was lower in all adjuvant treatments after 4 hours of exposition. At 8 hours of Veget Oil(r) and Break Thru(r) exposure urediniospores of the orange rust pathogen had 96.6 and 94.8% reduction in germination compared to control check treatment.