Occurence of Aeromonas spp. in foods of animal origin and its importance in public health

Abstract

Aeromonas spp. are opportunistic, ubiquitous Gram negative bacteria, mostly isolated from water samples. Until the present time, 31 species have been recognized, and the most medically important are Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas caviae and Aeromonas veronii. Te pathogenicity of the genus is considered to be multifactorial, and it can produce several types of toxins, with the involvement of other factors that facilitate the penetration and the establishment of the agent in the host, thus causing the disease. Te objective of this review is to elucidate the role of foods of animal origin as sources of contamination of aeromonas to humans. Aeromonas have been reported in various animal products such as meat, milk, dairy products, and seafood, and also in processing environments such as slaughterhouses, meat and dairy plants. Tere has been the attempt to determine sources of food contamination, being the water defined as the main disseminator. Aeromonas has been defned as the cause of many diseases, from gastrointestinal afections to cases of meningitis and even death. Considering that animal foods are an important source of contamination for humans and because of the recognition of water as a source of dissemination, it is essential for food security to provide the proper treatment of water used in food processing establishments.