Compatibility of Heterorhabditis amazonensis(Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) strain RSC-5 with different acaricides used for the control of Rhipicephalus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae)

Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess the viability of Heterorhabditis amazonensis strain RSC-5 after exposure to different acaricides used for Rhipicephalus microplus control. Six treatment groups were formed, one for each product. Each group was composed of 75,000 nematodes in a 20 mL solution of different acaricides, at commercial concentration. The control group was formed by the same number of nematodes in 20 mL of distilled water. All the groups were kept in a climate-controlled chamber at 25°C. The percentage of survival and infectivity in Galleria mellonella caterpillars were determined 24 and 72 hours after the beginning of the experiment. The mortality of the caterpillars in the infectivity test was assessed 72 and 120 hours. After 24 hours of exposure, only the active ingredient deltamethrin did not significantly reduce the survival percentage of H. amazonensis RSC-5 (p > 0.05). The same was observed after 72 hours of exposure to the combination of chlorpyriphos + cypermethrin + piperonyl butoxide + citronellal. There was no survival of infective juveniles in the groups exposed to the combination of chlorphenvinphos + dichlorvos. The exposure to chlorphenvinphos for 72 hours resulted in 50% of mortality. The potential to infect G. mellonella caterpillars was only reduced in the group treated with the active ingredient chlorphenvinphos. Chlorphenvinphos and the combination of chlorphenvinphos + dichlorvos were not compatible with H. amazonensis RSC-5, causing a reduction in the survival and infectivity of juveniles of this nematode, while the other products were compatible, causing no reduction in the infectivity of this isolate.